The analysis leads to the following conclusions: _ This aspect of the research suggested that _ This may be considered a further validation of _ This may be considered a promising aspect of _
The findings of this study can be understood as _ The authors concluded that _ is not confined to _ The conclusion section of your research paper should include the following: Try to explain to your readers what more could be done? What do you think are the next steps to take? What other questions warrant further investigation? Remember, the conclusion is the last part of the essay that your reader will see, so spend some time writing the conclusion so that you can end on a high note. This is a good place to register your thoughts about possible future work. You can raise some open questions and set the scene for the next study. You should not present any new arguments in your conclusion. You can usually do this in one paragraph with three main key points, and one strong take-home message. You restate your aims and objectives and summarize your main findings and evidence for the reader. The conclusion is somewhat similar to the introduction. According to Malley (1998, p.28), study skills are increasingly used by Higher Education institutions.Overview | Abstract| Introduction | Literature Review | Materials & Methods | Results & Discussion | Conclusion & Future Work | Acknowledgements & AppendixĪ research paper should end with a well-constructed conclusion.Study skills are increasingly used by Higher Education institutions (Malley, 1998, p.28).You can also cite an author without using a reporting verb by restating the author’s point or using the phrase ‘according to’. The example above uses two works by Stamford and one by Ma. The passive from is often used when citing several authors to back up a single point. In the above example, you would need to be sure that the findings had been ‘extensively’ analysed. These also need to accurately reflect the original material. You can add adverbs to your reporting verbs if appropriate. by Stamford, 2001a, 2001b Ma, 2002) and interpretations vary from… These findings have been extensively analysed (e.g.The practice of…has been questioned (Chopra, 1990, p.92) because of its….It has been shown that this is not the case (Akabi, 1979, pp.310–319).It has been claimed (O’Shea, 1997, p.45) that….Other examples of using reporting verbs in the passive form: Three possible interpretations of these results have been suggested (Dominguez, 2002, pp.76–79).Dominguez (2002, pp.76-79) suggested three possible interpretations of these results.She maintains that…Īll the above examples use reporting verbs actively, but you can also use verbs passively. Hui (2001, p.49) views this explanation as too simplistic.Words like 'view' are used with the conjunction 'as', after the subject of the sentence: Martin and Baker (1980) examined the issue from a different perspective.However, verbs that can't be used with ‘that’ include: When Smith and Sampson (1989, p.98) contended that this position was untenable, they were….Mahoney (1998, pp.10–12) established that this reaction is in fact….Many of the verbs in this table are used with the conjunction 'that'. You can use reporting verbs in the present tense or past tense, as long as you're consistent throughout your assignment. If you're not sure about the meaning of any of the verbs in this table, consider using a dictionary like the Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary to check the word's usage. It's your responsibility to report others’ work accurately in your assignments. These verbs aren't always interchangeable so make sure you read your resource carefully and understand the author’s claims before you choose a verb. This table shows reporting verbs for citing others. Malley (1998, p.26) found that study skills are increasingly used by Higher Education institutions. In the following case, we've used the verb 'to find': Whenever you decide to use a citation you'll need a reporting verb to introduce it to your text. This also applies if you paraphrase or summarise what someone else has written. You can use direct quotes of others' work if you acknowledge the source and use a citation.
You'll need to cite and reference resources you've read in your academic writing.
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